The past year was a watershed and new first year for the development of new energy vehicles. Image Source: Baidu Images
Editor's note
In 2017, the global market for new energy vehicles achieved rapid development, and new energy strategies for automobiles emerged in an endless stream. Comprehensive new energy has become an international consensus. Under the impetus of the technological revolution characterized by electrification, intelligence, and networking, and under the model innovation characterized by sharing, service, and platform, the development of new energy automobile industry is no longer just a power technology route. The single iteration, but the profound changes in the entire automotive industry.
Starting from this issue, the "China Science and Technology Economic Weekly" will launch a series of reports on the "China's new energy automobile catastrophes" from the perspective of electrification, intelligence, and sharing of new energy vehicles, and will further demonstrate the development pattern of China's new energy automotive industry.
"We are experiencing a great automobile revolution." The 2018 China Electric Vehicle Centennial Party Forum, Chen Qingtai, president of the Centenary Association, will begin with this. He said that the support of the automotive revolution is the rapid progress of new energy and information technology, and the pressing force of the auto revolution is to reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment.
“In 2017, the technology and cost barriers between the accelerated iteration of new energy technologies and traditional automobiles are rapidly disintegrating. The recognition of new energy vehicle market has greatly increased, and the dramatic increase in the production and sales volume of new energy vehicles has strongly promoted the booming of new energy ecology. Development.†According to this, Xu Heyi, chairman of Beijing Automotive Group Co., Ltd., believes that the past year was a watershed and new first year for the development of new energy vehicles.
However, at present, China's new energy automobile market is still in the stage of continuous promotion of policies, market acceptance, and further recognition. The long-term sustainability of market development requires the development of internal forces.
Industrial scale expansion
"In 2017, China produced 794,000 new energy vehicles and sold 777,000 vehicles. Its output accounted for 2.7% of the total automobile output. It ranked first in the world for three years in a row. The personal auto consumption market is rapidly emerging, and new energy passenger vehicles were launched last year. The proportion of sales is close to 75%.†In introducing the achievements made in the development of the new energy automobile industry, Miao Wei, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, said.
At the same time, the technological level of China's new energy vehicles has also been significantly improved. The driving range of mainstream models of passenger vehicles has reached more than 300 kilometers, synchronized with the international advanced level. The energy density of the leading company's power battery cells reached 2 Wh/kg, and the price reached 1.2 yuan/Wh. Miao Wei introduced that these two indicators have each tripled compared to 2012.
The backbone vehicle companies have also established a complete positive development system for new energy vehicles. The R&D investment of new energy vehicle and backbone battery companies accounted for more than 8%, which is higher than the industry average. "The strength of the enterprise is obviously increasing," Miao Wei added.
Not only that, the supporting environment is also increasingly optimized. The construction of the charging network is steadily advancing, and the coverage of major venues such as public places, residential quarters, internal units, and highways has greatly increased. According to the data, as of the end of 2017, a total of 214,000 public piles have been built nationwide, an increase of 51% year-on-year, and the number of possessions ranks first in the world. The installation rate of new users' private stakes exceeds 80%.
“The rapid replenishment of charging piles satisfies the charging requirements of electric vehicle users and creates good conditions for the accelerated promotion of new energy vehicles,†said Liu Baohua, deputy director of the National Energy Administration.
“The Ministry of Transport will give priority to the promotion of new energy vehicles in urban public transport, taxis, logistics and distribution, and it will reach a level of 300,000 by 2020. By the end of 2017, this target has been achieved.†Vice Minister of Transport Liu Xiaoming Says, "Our new goal is to use 600,000 new energy vehicles in the transportation sector by 2020."
Industry and Policy Water Carriers
The development of new energy vehicles in our country started late, due to the emphasis placed on the ecological environment by the entire society in recent years, and was gradually being tilted and encouraged by the policies, and thus embarked on a path of rapid development. The rapid growth in production and sales of new energy vehicles and the policy path behind encouragement and affirmation have always maintained the relationship between water and boats.
Lin Nianxiu, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the NDRC has communicated with the relevant departments such as the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to strengthen overall coordination and improve policy initiatives in order to accelerate the sustained healthy and orderly development of new energy vehicles and smart cars.
“We have included new energy vehicles and smart cars in strategic emerging industries to plan. We are researching and formulating smart car innovation development strategies, clarifying the staged development goals by 2020, 2025, and 2035 and proposing technological innovations and road networks. There are 20 major strategic tasks for the six major systems, including facilities.†Lin Nianxiu said.
Liu Xiaoming pointed out that the Ministry of Transport will continue to follow the national development strategy for new energy vehicles and make overall planning and innovation and development of new energy vehicles an important measure for realizing the green development of transportation. Taking the improvement of safe operation capability and reliability of operational services as the core, we constantly optimize the top-level design, strengthen the evaluation of implementation effects and the monitoring of dynamic operations, improve the active maintenance of the technical specification system, improve relevant supporting incentive policies, and strengthen experience promotion and communication and publicity. Promote the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in transportation.
In terms of technological development, Qinghai Province has strengthened key technologies for lithium extraction from salt lakes and established a technical center for the lithium battery industry in Qinghai, combining lithium battery taps and research institutes. “We should fully apply the extraction method and other technologies to further increase the production capacity and quality of high-purity lithium. To accelerate the development of the industry, we will provide high-quality, stable and reliable lithium resources and provide intellectual support for the development of the new energy automotive industry.†Vice-President of Qinghai Province Governor Wang Liming said.
As a corporate representative, Xu Heyi also proposed the objectives of the Beijing Automotive Group: to achieve a comprehensive new energy development of the development of the main body, product technology, industrial chain layout, service ecology; strive to become a world-class new energy automotive technology innovation center, to achieve market leadership, technology leadership And pattern lead.
Taking the vision of new energy smart electric vehicles
After undergoing the market cultivation phase, China's new energy vehicle market has also experienced a phase of policy subsidy such as subsidy retreat, in order to allow the new energy auto market to return to the market to promote its own development track. In the current market, Mr. Miao’s analysis still has many problems to be solved: the charging infrastructure is still a shortcoming of development, the policy system still needs to be improved, the core technology needs further breakthroughs, and the post-market circulation service system needs to be improved.
When Miao Miao introduced the next working idea of ​​the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, he stated that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology must strengthen overall coordination and further form a joint force for development; implement innovation-driven, promote the increase in quality; improve the policy system and improve the development environment; adhere to the opening to the outside world and raise the level of development .
The technical problem is to reduce energy consumption. “Only reducing the power consumption can possibly increase the driving mileage under the premise of lowering the cost. This is the best way.†Academician Ouyang Minggao of the Chinese Academy of Sciences said that the increase in driving mileage will depend on the increase in specific energy of the battery, but the vehicle The factory cannot throw all the technological advancement of electric vehicles to the battery factory. The core technology of vehicle integration is to reduce the power consumption, and the power consumption is the most important manifestation of the integrated level of pure electric vehicles.
"The drag coefficient of the Tesla electric SUV is 0.24, and the drag coefficient of our traditional fuel SUV may be as high as 0.4. There is also the efficiency of the input of the motor controller to the half shaft. There are foreign multinational auto parts groups that can reach 92%, but overall China's current level is generally 82% to 85%." Ouyang Minggao said that reducing weight, low resistance and high efficiency of electric drive is a key technology to reduce power consumption, we must look to the most efficient technology.
In addition, braking energy recovery, thermal management, fast charging and charging network intelligent technologies also need to be taken seriously. “Intelligent charging will trigger an energy revolution.†Ouyang Minggao said that the vision for the future development of charging is mainly based on battery-powered V2G microgrids, which is a vehicle-electric interaction, and that will be coordinated with distributed renewable energy and electric vehicle microgrids. Fast charge.
"In the next 2 to 3 years, we may be able to charge up to 40% of the SOC (charge state) for 30 minutes, 60% to 60% for 3 to 5 years, and 75% to 15% for 5 to 10 years. This is our basic development vision,†said Ouyang Minggao.
The future automobile should be a new energy intelligent electric vehicle, that is, electric vehicle + driving intelligence + charging intelligence. China's electric vehicles have a first-mover advantage, the Internet has a technological advantage, and photovoltaic technology has an industrial advantage. If three advantages are integrated, Ouyang Minggao believes that China's lane change overtaking will surely be realized.
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