Today's telecom service providers need networks with higher capacity and a more dynamic network infrastructure to meet both cloud and mobility needs. They realized that the original static, manually assigned network was no longer able to provide the required service. For example, enterprise users are using public and private clouds, requiring their networks to meet the demands of flexible on-demand computing and storage. Telecommunication service providers have learned from the data center industry and are actively exploring technologies that use software-defined networking (SDN) to address the challenges of cloud computing and mobility. In a recent survey, 97% of telecom service providers indicated their intention to deploy SDN, and 81% said they would deploy SDN for multi-layer transport and optical transport networks. This article discusses the requirements for optical transport SDN and supports optical transport network (OTN) switching. How the OTN architecture can increase the flexibility of delivering a dynamic network infrastructure to leverage the full potential of transport SDN in a dynamic network infrastructure.
The general principles of SDN include: separation of data and control planes, data planes for flow/circuitry, centralized management and control, hardware abstraction and virtualization, network programmability, and open standards.
SDN's own centralized management and control guarantees the following advantages: faster service resource allocation; more sensible network management decisions determine more efficient use of network resources; optimized global view of the network; technical independence; and powerful The new business provides customers with greater flexibility and control.
SDN was originally designed for packet-based networks. On packet networks, management, control, and forwarding/data plane operations are all performed on the local node, and each node automatically forwards packets. For packet-switched network domains like Metro Ethernet (Terminal Ethernet) or China's Packet Transport Network (PTN), SDN is of great value – telecom service providers, including China Mobile, will deploy SDN-based as early as 2015. PTN.
Over time, transport networks have evolved in a manner different from packet switched networks. Historically, packet switched networks have always had a centralized management plane that includes a network management system (NMS). In addition, most network service providers have adopted the Automatic Switched Optical Network (ASON) architecture, which uses the Generic Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) protocol as its optical transport control plane. This control plane is logically located between the management plane and the transport data plane. The optical control plane contains a set of applications located on each transport network element (NE) that enables functions such as path computation, network topology, resources and capability discovery. Therefore, each transport NE can access the complete network topology and available resources to support the final service. The distributed control plane of the optical transport network based on ASON and GMPLS provides advantages including survivability, state accuracy and fast recovery.
Depending on the protection and recovery scheme deployed, the protection switching time of the optical transport network can generally reach 50ms or lower, or on a mesh network using GMPLS, the recovery time can be as fast as 100ms to 200ms. The NE's tightly coupled distributed control plane can achieve this level of performance. As a result, most telecommunications service providers today agree that they do not expect to have or do not want to fully centralize the optical control plane. In fact, leading telecom service providers such as Verizon are hoping that their supply chain will continue to innovate at the control level within the supplier's equipment.
From the perspective of the control plane, by moving from GMPLS to SDN, operators are looking for multi-vendor interoperability between heterogeneous transport networks and across multiple network levels to take advantage of multi-layer coordination and optimization. benefit. Therefore, for transport SDN, service providers may take advantage of the proven performance of decentralized control while leveraging the hierarchical architecture of SDN and its open north and southbound interfaces and provisioning layers to span multiple vendor domains Provisioning with end-to-end paths at multiple network levels.
Industry organizations such as China Mobile, China Telecom and Verizon, and industry bodies such as the Open Network Forum (ONF) have proposed an architecture in which OEM domain controllers will manage optical transport NEs within each vendor's domain, while The network adapter (parent "super" controller) provides an open northbound interface. The network adapter abstracts the details of the optical transport layer and provides end-to-end service resource provisioning by providing an open interface for the customer SDN application (ie OSS/BSS, network optimization, etc.). The adapter will facilitate communication between the various OEM domain controllers from east to west to achieve interoperability between multiple vendors.
With this architecture, controllers of multiple technologies can also be placed in each domain to take advantage of the converged packet optics (ie P-OTP). Therefore, the L2/MPLS-TP controller can control the packet function of the P-OTP, while the optical/L1 controller can control the WDM/OTN characteristics of the P-OTP in a single domain. The adapters can be connected to these different technology controllers and help achieve multi-level optimization and interoperability.
The layered SDN architecture of the optical transport network will enable service providers to take advantage of the industry's best technology choices and implement a viable approach: network availability while leveraging installed bases/investments; simplifying Multi-layer control; versatility in heterogeneous NE deployment; end-to-end application awareness; better network efficiency. Ultimately, the implementation of these goals will lead to the abstraction of physical optical network resources, thus enabling optical network virtualization—OTN as a service.
Application Case Drives Telecom Service Providers to Transfer SDNAlthough multiple industry forums and standards working groups have envisioned, discussed, and documented many application cases for transport SDN, telecom service providers are focusing on providing new profitable opportunities for the cloud connectivity market and solutions that can address their priorities, such as The solution that maximizes network efficiency and thus reduces CAPEX and OPEX. These early applications include: on-demand bandwidth allocation, multi-layer optimization of IP and optical networks, and virtual transport networks.
Bandwidth allocation on demand—a new type of cloud service (such as Amazon's virtual private cloud, etc.) and applications (such as VMware's DistanceVMoTIon, etc.) result in an ever-increasing amount of data coming in and out of geographically dispersed data centers. These cloud services and applications are driving new network traffic patterns that are different from traditional, stable data replication or traffic load balancing.
As a result, data center communication bandwidth tends to exceed 20 times the mean. Buying a fixed lease/dedicated line service to provide peak bandwidth is both wasteful and uneconomical. Transport SDN enables telecommunications service providers to deliver on-demand optical transport bandwidth, allowing enterprise customers to establish and re-adjust their connections between data centers temporarily or permanently, as needed, for practical use. Bandwidth paid.
Service Provider Benefits: Add flexible new services and increase revenue accordingly. A central SDN controller interacts with the bandwidth management application to establish connections on demand at the optical layer. Physical network requirements: The underlying physical transport network needs to be able to dynamically adjust and exchange capacity at the wavelength and sub-wavelength levels.
Multi-layer optimization of IP and optical networks—For most telecommunication service providers, IP/MPLS and transport still operate as a separate layer of the network, with little coordination between IP/MPLS as a transport layer client. . This is largely due to the separate provisioning process between the router and the optical transmission equipment of different NMSs. Therefore, the transport layer is assumed by the IP/MPLS layer to be a static layer (IP over the dummy pipe).
IP/MPLS traffic may be protected by 1+1, and as a result, the efficiency of the IP network will not exceed 40%. For the above challenges, Transport SDN provides a solution to connect to the router and transmit NE using a single multi-layer controller, or Separate IP and transport domain controllers are connected to the router and transport NE respectively, and a mating layer is added to them for path computation and recovery management. In the latter case, the northbound interface of each IP and transport controller will be based on an open API and will provide detailed topology, assigned service and performance related information to the provisioning layer to find more efficient routing or Create fast/low latency routes, etc.
Benefits for operators: IP/MPLS and transport optimization mean reduced capital expenditures (by reducing the need for over-provisioning), higher network availability and quality, and across different network domains, different routers and transport providers Interoperability.
Physical network requirements: IP and optical multi-layer optimization further drive the need for flexible sub-wavelength network channelization and open up new possibilities for converged multi-layer transport platforms.
Virtual Transport Network—Transportation networks are strategic for many organizations to provide interconnection between multiple different offices or data centers for cloud-based virtual computing and storage. Most companies can't afford to build their own dedicated optical network (purchase their own optical transmission equipment, lease dark fiber, and hire a dedicated skill team to maintain and operate the network). Therefore, there is a huge market space for extending the concept of IP/MPLS VPN to the transport layer with optical VPN services.
However, the implementation of this service is currently not easy due to vendor-specific NMS, network elements from different vendors across end-to-end paths, and end-user lack of configurability through the application portal. By creating an abstract physical network view created by network virtualization, transport SDN enables telecom service providers to overcome these challenges.
The software-defined transport network extends the OpenFlow architecture to allow the telecommunications service provider's physical transport network to be partitioned into multiple virtual transport networks. The means of implementation are through the Control Data Plane Interface (CDPI) and the OpenFlow extension of the Control Virtual Network Interface (CVNI).
With these extensions, service providers can create virtual slices of their physical network for each user. In addition, these virtual topologies can hide the multi-layer, multi-vendor features of the network, and users can manage and control their end-to-end virtual optical network. User control and management of your own network slices can be done through the portal or by the user's own controller.
Benefits of Service Providers: Virtual transport networks allow service providers to conveniently share physical network resources to provide new value-added services, such as dynamic, self-managed optical VPNs for internal and external users.
Physical network requirements: Optical transmission networks need to support optical paths at wavelength and sub-wavelength levels, and each optical path is rich in OA
There is a common theme in the described application case that both the photonic layer and the electronic layer of the next generation optical transport network require greater flexibility. If the flexibility is not good enough, the value of the application case is very limited for telecom operators.
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