UHV grid refers to 1000kV AC or ±800kV DC grid. The transmission voltage is generally divided into high pressure, ultra high pressure and extra high voltage. Internationally, high voltage (HV) usually refers to a voltage of 35 to 220 kV; ultra high voltage (EHV) usually refers to a voltage of 330 kV or more and 1000 kV or less; UHV (UHV) refers to a voltage of 1000 kV or more. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) generally refers to a DC transmission voltage of ±600kV and below, and a voltage of ±800kV or more is called UHVDC.
The UHV ±800 kV DC transmission project completed by the State Grid and China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd. was awarded the special prize of the 2017 National Science and Technology Progress Award on January 8. This technology is currently the world's most successfully applied power transmission technology with the highest voltage, largest capacity and the longest economic transmission distance. In the construction of the “Belt and Roadâ€, we will increase the promotion of this technology, making it a bright “Chinese business card†for “going out†in China.
UHV investment growth rate bottleneck highlights
According to the data from the Prospective Industry Research Institute's "Ultra-high-voltage equipment industry market prospects and investment strategic planning analysis report", China's power grid investment market space is about 500 billion yuan. The investment in the State Grid has increased from 250 billion yuan in 2008 to nearly 500 billion yuan in 2016. The investment in the eight-year period has doubled, and the average annual compound growth rate has reached 9%. In recent years, the national grid investment has remained above 450 billion yuan. The growth rate of the number has decreased year by year, and the market space has remained at around 500 billion yuan.
The cumulative annual investment growth rate of UHV is around 20% before 2012. In 2014, it began to enter rapid growth. In 2015, the growth rate exceeded 50%, and the growth rate peaked. In 2016, the cumulative investment growth rate of UHV decreased year-on-year. More than 20 percentage points. The growth rate of UHV's cumulative investment is similar to that of the high-speed rail and nuclear power industries.
China's power grid investment market space and growth rate in 2008-2017
Source: Prospective Industry Research Institute
The advantages of ±800 kV DC transmission technology are obvious
China's energy resources and power load distribution are extremely uneven. More than 80% of energy resources are distributed in the west and north, and more than 70% of electricity consumption is concentrated in the east and central regions. The contradiction between energy supply and economic development is outstanding. The development of large-capacity, long-distance, high-efficiency transmission technology is an inevitable choice for the large-scale optimal allocation of China's electric power across regions.
The UHV ±800 kV DC transmission project brings significant economic and social benefits. Its conveying capacity is two or three times that of ±500 kV DC project, the economic conveying distance is increased to 2-2.5 times, the running reliability is increased by 8 times, the unit conveying distance loss is reduced by 45%, and the unit capacity line corridor is reduced. 30%, the unit cost is reduced by 28%.
UHV DC transmission technology is recognized as the world's leading technology in the world. At present, only China fully grasps this technology and has begun large-scale engineering applications. In 2010, China independently built the Yunnan-Guangdong, Xiangjiaba-Shanghai UHV ±800 kV DC demonstration project. By the end of 2017, 12 UHV DC transmission projects were built nationwide, with an annual transmission capacity of more than 450 billion kWh. Clean energy accounts for more than 80% of the total, which is equivalent to reducing the consumption of standard coal in the central and central regions by 170 million tons per year and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 450 million tons. It is the main transmission channel for the “Air Pollution Prevention Action Planâ€.
Promote UHV technology to become a "Chinese business card"
Our technical research, mechanism, engineering construction, and equipment manufacturing capabilities of UHV transmission have created many records. From China's creation to China's leadership, it has occupied the commanding heights of the world's power grid technology. It is recommended to promote the electrical equipment to go abroad, especially the contracting and equipment export of UHV DC transmission projects, like the promotion of high-speed rail and "Hualong No. 1" nuclear power projects.
On the one hand, UHV DC transmission technology, engineering operation design technology and China's large-grid operation technology are transmitted as Chinese business cards. China has a good technical foundation and manufacturing capabilities and design capabilities. In response to the different needs of different countries for transmission technology, China has the ability to provide different solutions. These technical solutions can be carried out to promote China's “going out†products and equipment. Additional value.
On the other hand, continuous investment and continuous optimization of the existing technology level, from 2016, China Southern Power Grid undertakes national key R&D projects and independently develops flexible DC transmission technology. At present, the UHV DC transmission project from Yunnan Power Transmission to Guangdong, which is being built by China Southern Power Grid, adopts the traditional DC and flexible DC hybrid mode, which can improve the safety and reliability of the power grid, and is the world's first.
Flexible DC transmission technology is the development direction of the future power grid
The technology is more demanding in terms of digitization and intelligence. It is hoped that it will be supported by relevant state departments in terms of project establishment, software and hardware R&D and talent introduction, so that this “China Wisdom†has more room for development.
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