More and more electric car drivers in Shenzhen's centralized charging stations are using a multi-power compatible charging reactor to charge the car. With the continuous breakthrough of power battery technology, the energy density and power density of lithium batteries have been increased in parallel. This aspect has improved the driving range of electric vehicles. On the other hand, it has also made the "fast charge" that is comparable to the fuel tank refueling. may.
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"Power Sharing" charging reactor solution
Matrix flexible charging reactor technology can not only meet the current battery charging requirements, but also meet the future "battery upgrade" requirements, avoiding the repeated withdrawal of charging piles.
As of the end of last year, China had 450,000 types of charging piles, 14 times that of the end of 2014, and the national vehicle-pile ratio was about 3.8:1. However, while the construction of the charging network is steadily advancing, there is also a certain degree of structural supply shortage. The mismatch of resources has led to the coexistence of “difficulty in charging†and the large number of idle charging of public charging piles. In addition, for a long time, most of the public charging piles for electric vehicles put on the market are fixed-power charging piles, and the design of charging piles is considered to meet the current standard of automobile batteries. 40kW, 60kW, 80kW, 110kW... As the new models are getting more and more powerful, the charging piles will face replacement or expansion.
The coexistence of multiple power electric vehicles is already a fait accompli of the electric vehicle inventory market. Therefore, in a centralized charging station, how to improve the power compatibility of the charging device is the key. "In the case of the same charging current, when the voltage is raised to 1000V, if the vehicle with the voltage platform of 350V is still charged, the power utilization rate of the prior art scheme is less than one third of the original, and the equipment utilization rate is extremely low. Xiao Xia, chairman of Shenzhen Aotexun Power Equipment Co., Ltd. said, "The charging reactor technology can not only meet the charging requirements of the current battery, but also meet the charging needs of the future 'battery upgrade', avoiding the repeated withdrawal of the charging pile. ".
It is reported that the matrix-type flexible charging reactor technology developed by Autoxun integrates all or part of the charging modules of the electric vehicle charging station, and dynamically allocates the charging module according to the actual charging power of the electric vehicle through the power distribution unit. That is to say, in the charging station using the charging reactor technology, after the same charging pile power is shared, it can satisfy the charging of 100 kW battery or the charging of 300 kW battery, ensuring that each new energy vehicle can be charged at the maximum power. In Shenzhen, Autotech has invested, built and operated flexible charging reactors with more than 80 centralized charging stations.
Li Zhigang, chief engineer of Autox Power Equipment, said that “shared power†is somewhat like “shared bandwidthâ€. “After no charging reactor, a fixed-power charging device is like a fixed-bandwidth network. If the total bandwidth is 100 megabytes, there are 10 Users, each user's bandwidth is fixed at 10 megabits, so even if there are many user broadband unused, the maximum bandwidth of other users is still 10 megabytes; and the charging reactor is like shared bandwidth, which can be dynamically adjusted according to the number of users and the required bandwidth. With only one user, his broadband can reach up to 100 megabytes."
Wei Jian, deputy general manager of Shenzhen Qianhai Autoxun New Energy Service Co., Ltd., introduced how much power can be allocated by the charging terminal, which is determined by the charging electric vehicle. Autodesk's technical team designed a huge computing system, built a cloud platform, and intelligently managed the identity information of hundreds of electric vehicles after they were collected. When the charging gun is inserted into the charging port "handshake", the vehicle information is completely read out and intelligently distributed to charge the car.
Since December last year, the Shenzhen Standardization Technical Document “Electric Vehicle Flexible Charge Reactor Technical Requirementsâ€, which was jointly organized by Shenzhen Municipal Market Supervision Administration and Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission, was implemented in Shenzhen. This is the first in China. The local standard for flexible charging reactors for electric vehicles. As the leading enterprise in the subdivision industry of electric power automation, Shenzhen Autotron Power Equipment Co., Ltd. is the lead drafting unit of this standard.
"For taxis, trucks and other operating vehicles, the power adaptability of centralized charging stations directly determines the convenience of charging." Ni Feng, deputy director of the international department of Guodian NARI Technology Co., Ltd. said, "At the centralized charging station. In the application scenario, the charging reactor technology has the characteristics of precise and efficient matching, which will undoubtedly be of great use.
Tap potential high power fast charge
It is generally believed that electric vehicles "fast charge" refers to charging technology in which the battery is charged from 0% to 80% for less than 30 minutes.
At the pilot seminar on electric vehicle high-power charging held recently, Ningde Times showed the participants the charging process of the super-iron lithium battery using the "super iron lithium + high energy density fast charge graphite" system. The product can be charged "5C", the demonstration process only takes 20% to 80% of the charge in 7 minutes and 12 seconds, and 20% to 100% of the charge, it only takes 13 minutes and 8 seconds.
Dr. Wang Lei, an expert in energy storage technology and founder of Ecoflow, said, "Ultra-high-voltage DC technology is used for ultra-high power charging. In an image, it is dumping electricity into the battery." The unit "C" in "5C" refers to the charging rate, which can be understood as the charging and discharging rate. The charge-discharge rate of a lithium-ion battery determines how quickly the energy can be stored in the battery, or how quickly the energy in the battery is released. The current of "1C" is completely 1/1 = 1 hour from full charge to discharge; "2C" is 1/2 hour, that is, 30 minutes; 5C is 12 minutes. It is generally believed that the "fast charge" of an electric vehicle refers to a charging method in which the charging current is greater than 1.6 C, that is, a technique of charging from 0% to 80% for less than 30 minutes.
The core technology of lithium battery fast charging is to speed up the movement of lithium ions in the positive and negative electrodes through chemical system and design optimization without affecting the life and reliability of the battery. Dr. Wang Shengwei, the person in charge of the fast charge project of Ningde Times New Energy Co., Ltd., said that in the surface of the negative graphite, Ningde era adopted the "fast ion ring" technology, which is equivalent to creating a high-speed runway on the graphite surface, which greatly accelerates the lithium ion in the graphite. The embedding of the layer, the modified graphite takes into account the characteristics of super fast charge and high energy density. In addition, the heat dissipation rate inside the battery is also an important factor affecting the rate performance. If the heat dissipation rate is slow, the accumulated heat during charging and discharging at a large rate cannot be transmitted, which will affect the reliability and life of the lithium ion battery. The fast charge product developed by Ningde era is equipped with a self-developed thermal management system, which can fully identify the "healthy charging range" of fixed chemical systems in different environments and broaden the operating temperature range of lithium batteries.
“The demand for high-power charging is very clear. There is an urgent need for vehicles such as commercial vehicles, taxis, and network vehicles at home and abroad. Especially in large cities such as Beishangguangshen, where parking spaces and charging pile resources are scarce, it is difficult for owners. When the parking space is found, there will be a strong demand for high-power charging.†Ni Feng said, “But the high-power fast charging products above 300kW are in the initial stage in the world, battery heating, equipment volume, safety isolation, etc. The technical problems still need to be optimized. From the maturity of technology to the maturity of the market, there is still a long way to go. In addition, there are still problems in infrastructure support such as charging station construction and power grid supply.
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