Power Management Integrated Circuits are chips that take responsibility for the conversion, distribution, detection, and other power management of electrical energy in electronic equipment systems. It is mainly responsible for identifying the CPU power supply amplitude, generating a corresponding short-moment wave, and pushing the power circuit of the latter stage circuit. Common power management chips are HIP6301, IS6537, RT9237, ADP3168, KA7500, TL494 and so on.
Some of the main power management chips are dual in-line chips, and some are surface mount packages. The HIP630x series chips are classic power management chips designed by the famous chip design company Intersil. It supports two/three/four-phase power supply, supports VRM9.0 specification, voltage output range is 1.1V-1.85V, can adjust output with interval of 0.025V, switching frequency is up to 80KHz, with large power supply, small ripple, internal resistance Small features, can precisely adjust the CPU supply voltage.
Market capacity and development prospects of intelligent power management chips
All electronic devices have power, but different systems have different power requirements. In order to achieve the best performance of the electronic system, you need to choose the most suitable power management method.
First, the core of the electronic device is a semiconductor chip. In order to increase the density of the circuit, the feature size of the chip is always moving toward a decreasing trend, and the electric field strength linearly increases with the decrease of the distance. If the power supply voltage is still 5V, the generated electric field strength is enough to break the chip. Therefore, in this way, the requirements of the electronic system for the power supply voltage have changed, that is, different step-down power supplies are required. In order to maintain high efficiency while bucking, a step-down switching power supply is generally used.
At the same time, many electronic systems also require a power supply higher than the supply voltage. For example, in a battery-powered device, a backlight power supply for driving a liquid crystal display, an ordinary white LED driver, etc., all need to boost the system power supply, which requires the use of liters. Profiled switching power supply.
In addition, modern electronic systems are developing in the direction of high speed, high gain, and high reliability. The small interference on the power supply has an impact on the performance of electronic devices. This requires power supplies that have advantages in terms of noise, ripple, etc. The power supply is regulated, filtered, etc., which requires a linear power supply. The different power management methods described above can be implemented by using corresponding power chips combined with few external components. It can be seen that the development of power management chips is an indispensable means to improve the performance of the whole machine.
How to choose a power management chip
Power management is a wide range of applications, including separate power conversion (mainly DC to DC, DC/DC), separate power distribution and detection, and a combination of power conversion and power management. Correspondingly, the classification of the power management chip also includes these aspects, such as a linear power chip, a voltage reference chip, a switching power supply chip, an LCD driving chip, an LED driving chip, a voltage detecting chip, a battery charging management chip, and the like. The following is a brief introduction to the main types and applications of power management chips.
If the designed circuit requires high noise and ripple rejection of the power supply, it requires a small PCB area (such as a handheld electronic product such as a mobile phone), the circuit power supply does not allow the use of an inductor (such as a mobile phone), and the power supply needs to have instantaneous calibration and output. The state self-test function requires a voltage drop of the regulator and low power consumption, low line cost and simple solution, so the linear power supply is the most appropriate choice. This power supply includes the following technologies: precision voltage reference, high performance, low noise op amp, low dropout regulator, low quiescent current.
In the case of low-power power supply, op amp negative power supply, LCD/LED driver, etc., a capacitor-based switching power supply chip, also known as a charge pump, is often used. There are many chip products based on the working principle of charge pump, such as AAT3113. This is a white LED driver chip consisting of a low noise, constant frequency charge pump DC/DC converter. AAT3113 uses fractional (1.5 & TImes;) conversion to increase efficiency. The device drives four LEDs in parallel. The input voltage range is 2.7V to 5.5V, which provides approximately 20mA per output. The device also features thermal management system protection to protect against short circuits on any output pin. Its embedded soft-start circuit prevents current overshoot at startup. The AAT3113 uses a simple serial control interface to enable, turn off, and 32-level logarithmic scale brightness control.
Inductor-based DC/DC chips are used in the widest range of applications, including handheld computers, cameras, battery backup, portable instruments, micro-phones, motor speed control, display bias, and color adjusters. The main technologies include: BOOST structure current mode loop stability analysis, BUCK structure voltage mode loop stability analysis, BUCK structure current mode loop stability analysis, overcurrent, overtemperature, overvoltage and soft start protection functions, synchronization Rectification technology analysis, reference voltage technical analysis.
In addition to the basic power conversion chip, the power management chip also includes a power control chip for the purpose of rationally utilizing the power supply. Such as NiH battery intelligent fast charging chip, lithium ion battery charging and discharging management chip, lithium ion battery over voltage, over current, over temperature, short circuit protection chip; chip management between line power supply and backup battery, USB power management Chip; charge pump, multi-channel LDO power supply, power-on timing control, multiple protection, complex power supply chip for battery charge and discharge management.
Especially in consumer electronics. For example, portable DVDs, mobile phones, digital cameras, etc., can provide complex multi-channel power supply with almost one -2 power management chip, so that the performance of the system is optimized.
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