The crystal resonator is based on the high Q of the blank (crystal blank) to obtain an electronic component of any stable frequency. However, because the Q value is high, if particles are attached to the surface of the blank, the vibration obtained by the piezoelectric characteristics is hindered, and the CI characteristics are greatly increased. If the specified CI value cannot be obtained after the CI characteristic rises, the oscillation may stop.
Here we introduce Murata's exclusive particle screening technology, which can accurately identify defective products with particles attached and which may cause deterioration of crystal resonator characteristics at the production stage.
1. What is a crystal resonator?
A crystal resonator is an electronic component that can transmit a high frequency precision signal to an integrated circuit (microcomputer) by utilizing the piezoelectric characteristics of a quartz crystal. The billet double-sided electrode of the piezoelectric body is sputter deposited to form a film, such as an electric field applied to the electrodes in the surface, and the oscillation of the thickness shear vibration mode can be excited on the AT-cut resonator. So far, the crystal resonator package is usually vacuum sealed by flow seam welding, glass soldering, brazing, etc. On HCR, we have established an exclusive resin packaging technology for encapsulating ceramic substrates and metal caps with resin adhesives (Fig. 1 ).
Figure 1. HCR construction diagram
2. Particle problem of crystal resonator
If particles are attached to the billet, the vibration is hindered, and the problem that the CI value rises and the oscillation stops as shown in Fig. 2 occurs. As a result of investigation of the influence of the particles on the crystal resonator, it was found that the CI characteristics were affected by three factors: (1) the position at which the particles adhered to the blank (2) the type of the particles, and (3) the state of fixation of the particles.
Figure 2. Characteristic changes before and after particle attachment
(1) The influence of the position of the particles on the blank
After intentionally attaching the particles to the blank and investigating the influence of the attachment position on the blank on the CI characteristics, we know that as shown in Fig. 3, the influence on the central portion of the blank is large. The central portion of the billet has the largest amount of displacement of the vibration, and is a position that is easily blocked by the mass load such as particles.
Figure 3. Effect of particle placement on CI characteristics
(2) Effects of the type of particles
The particles include organic particles such as substances or lint from the human body and inorganic particles such as electrode dust, and some particles may be present in the manufacturing process. We placed organic and inorganic particles on the billet and investigated its effect on CI characteristics. The results are shown in Figure 4. As a result of the experiment, the CI value brought about by the inorganic particles is smaller than that of the organic particles. We speculate that this is because the contact area between the inorganic particles and the blank is small, and the standing wave is not easily propagated.
Figure 4. Effect of particle type on CI characteristics
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