Thermal power plant
The configuration of its main instrument control system can be briefly described as follows.
1.1 Distributed Control System (DCS) Decentralized Control System (DCS) is the main control system of thermal power plants. Generally, one set is configured for each unit. The DCS scale of the 300MW project is generally around 5000 I/O. The DCS scale of the 600MW project is generally around 7000 I/O. The DCS scale of the 1000MW project is generally around 12000 I/O, usually including four functional subsystems. That is, Data Acquisition and Processing System (DAS), Analog Control System (MCS), Sequential Control System (SCS), and Furnace Safety Monitoring System (FSSS).
1.2 Vapor Electro-hydraulic Control System (DEH) Vapor Electro-hydraulic Control System (DEH) is the main system for controlling the turbine. Its main function is to control the speed of the turbine, load control, valve management and realize automatic control of the turbine and overspeed protection of the turbine. Wait.
1.3 Xiaoqi Electro-hydraulic Control System (MEH) If the feed pump of the power plant is steam-driven and driven by a small steam turbine, the power plant also has a small steam electro-hydraulic control system (MEH). Its main function is to control the speed of the small steam turbine, load control, valve management, automatic control of small steam turbines and overspeed protection of small steam turbines.
1.4 Turbine Emergency Interruption System (ETS) The Turbine Emergency Interruption System (ETS) is a control system that protects the turbine. Its main function is to monitor certain parameters of the turbine. When these parameters exceed the operating limit, the turbine inlet valve is closed.
1.5 Turbine Body Safety Monitoring System (TSI) The Turbine Body Safety Monitoring System (TSI) is an instrument system that continuously measures the operating parameters of turbine generator bearings and turbine bodies. When an abnormality occurs in the operating parameters, an alarm signal is issued.
1.6 Small Steam Turbine Emergency Interruption System (ETS) and Small Steam Turbine Body Safety Monitoring System (TSI) Small Steam Turbine Emergency Interruption System (ETS) and Small Steam Turbine Body Safety Monitoring System (TSI) are emergency escaping systems and body safety monitoring for small steam turbines respectively. system.
1.7 Continuous Gas Flue Gas Monitoring System (CEMS) The Continuous Gas Flue Gas Monitoring System (CEMS) is an instrumentation system that continuously monitors emissions of flue gas pollution. The parameters monitored are mainly SO2, NOX, CO, dust and so on.
1.8 Each auxiliary workshop PLC program control system The auxiliary system of thermal power plant mainly includes coal conveying system, ash removing and slag removing system, chemical water supply system, condensate polishing system, wastewater treatment system, fuel treatment system and so on. The above auxiliary systems are basically controlled by PLC.
1.9 The main field instruments and control equipment of the thermal power plant are as follows:
1.9.1 Transmitter. At present, the transmitter used in thermal power plants is generally an intelligent transmitter. The number of transmitters used in thermal power plants is large. A 2X300MW power plant requires about 500 transmitters; a 2X600MW power plant requires about 750 transmitters; a 2X1000MW power plant. The number of transmitters required is around 1,300.
1.9.2 Executing agency. The actuator has an electric actuator and a pneumatic actuator, which is selected according to different process systems and control needs. At present, electric actuators generally use imported products or Sino-foreign joint venture products. A 2X1000MW power plant, in addition to the actuators provided by the complete set of main and auxiliary equipment, also requires about 300 electric actuators and about 200 pneumatic actuators.
1.9.3 Flow measurement instrument. The air flow measuring instrument can be selected as a plug-in flow meter, and the flow measuring instruments such as steam and water can select measuring components such as a throttle nozzle. Due to the wide variety of process media in power plants, other types of flow meters are required. A 2X1000MW power plant requires more than 200 sets of flow measuring instruments.
1.9.4 Temperature measuring components. Thermocouples and thermal resistors are often used in thermal power plants. A 2X1000MW power plant requires about 2,500 thermocouples and thermal resistors in addition to the temperature measurement components provided by the main and auxiliary equipment.
1.9.5 instrument valve. For high temperature and high pressure instrument valves, imported products are currently used. A 2X1000MW power plant requires about 5,000 instrument valves in addition to the instrument valves supplied with the main and auxiliary equipment.
1.9.6 Switching meter. Switching instruments of thermal power plants have pressure switches, liquid level switches, flow switches, powder level switches and so on. At present, most of the measuring instruments in high temperature and high pressure media use imported products. A 2X1000MW power plant, in addition to the switchgear provided by the main and auxiliary equipment sets, also needs about 1000 switching instruments.
1.9.7 Analytical instrumentation. There are many types of analytical instruments in power plants, such as silicate analyzers, pH meters, hydrogen analyzers, and oxygen content in flue gas. A 2X1000MW power plant with a total of at least 20 sets of analytical instruments.
1.9.8 Distribution box, protection box, incubator, etc. Power plants require a large number of on-site cabinet equipment such as electric door distribution boxes, instrument protection boxes, instrument incubators, and junction boxes. A 2X1000MW power plant requires about 150 electric door distribution boxes, about 300 instrument protection boxes and instrument incubators, and about 1000 junction boxes. Because the power plant needs to measure a large variety of media, there are sewage, make-up water, condensate, industrial water, circulating water, coal, coal powder, ash, slag, oil, hydrogen, oxygen, flue gas, air, steam, etc. In addition to the main instruments mentioned above, there are many sporadic measuring instruments.
1.10 New instrument control field of large thermal power plants With the continuous improvement of automation level and management level of large thermal power plants, especially with the objective needs of the separation of plant and network and bidding online reform, power plants will pay more attention to improving overall management level and economy. Development and application of a benefit control system. Some new instrument control systems have been used in many applications, such as management information systems, plant-level monitoring information systems, operational optimization control systems, equipment management diagnostic systems, safety monitoring closed-circuit television systems, auxiliary control networking systems, expert analysis systems, and new instrumentation equipment. , instrument control system for desulfurization (denitration) equipment, instrument control system for air-cooled equipment, etc.
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