As an important part of China's strategic emerging industries, the Internet of Things is playing an increasingly important role in accelerating economic development, promoting industrial transformation and upgrading, and serving the people's livelihood. The Internet of Things is also widely used, consumer Internet of Things, industrial goods. Networking and car networking bring new opportunities for industry development. The “International Symposium on Core Technology and Applications of the Internet of Things in 2017†held in Shenzhen on September 5, 2017 invited renowned experts from home and abroad to analyze cutting-edge trends and interpret the latest technologies. Mr. Zhou Ligong gave a speech entitled “Platform as a Serviceâ€.
We have been thinking about a problem: the BOM (bill of materials) of the product is very low, and the gross profit is very high. Why is the annual profit of the listed company not enough for a suite? Who bought the house in the end, this question deserves our reflection!
Let us revisit the cost
Many managers, including developers, only calculate the cost of BOM, and even an MCU is worth a dime, but it does not pay attention to the unknown cost. Whenever asked when the product went public, the general answer was “almostâ€. Why is there such a problem? In fact, those unknown costs are the source of profit loss (as shown in Figure 1).
Figure 1 Revisiting costs
Where does the profit come from?
In the early days of entrepreneurship, as long as you seize an opportunity, participate in the exhibition, and advertise more, the probability of success is great. In the Internet age, it was suddenly found that there were more entrances, and it was more and more difficult to focus on users. When the product is facing competition, you will find that "there is no minimum and only lower." And now there is no Internet company, Ctrip has become a travel agency, Sina has become a new media... The era of opportunity-driven and extensive operation has passed.
The key to Apple's becoming the most profitable mobile phone company in the world is that the performance of the product exceeds the user's expectations, and because of the large amount of reusable core domain knowledge, the comprehensive cost is the ultimate. Yourdon and Constantine, in the book Structured Design, use economics as the underlying driver of software design, and software design should aim to reduce overall costs. It has been found that the maintenance cost of the software is much higher than its initial cost, because understanding existing code takes time and is error-prone. After the changes, they will be tested and deployed.
More often, programmers are not coding, but reading programs. Since the reader needs to be understood in terms of details and concepts, the investment in modifying the program will be much larger than the initial programming effort. Based on this consensus, a series of things that we are worried about need to constantly think and summarize to form a model that can be reused. This is the origin of methodology.
Obviously, as a manager, you must have a deep understanding of the profit model, namely profit = demand - design. The demand is to solve the problem of "how to sell the product", and the design is to solve the problem of "how to reduce the cost". This shows that either the demand is not fixed or the management cost is too high.
One of the most important measures is the need to eliminate the last few people for the lack of creativity. In fact, many mediocre people in the enterprise are the cost of engulfing profits. For example, many developers will only copy DEMO, but will not make cost-effective design according to actual needs. Even if there is such a value for people with 10 years of work experience?
Thinking differences and benefits
Through financial data analysis, due to early decision-making mistakes and lack of scientific software and hardware engineering methods, we have developed some products with long cycle times, technical difficulties and extremely low returns. Not only is software difficult to reuse, but also difficult to expand and maintain. Leading to high development costs.
Although most developers are very diligent, their goal is not to maximize the benefits of the company and individuals, but to learn the basic technology for fun, rarely communicate with marketers and users, and not focus on improving the creativity of individuals to tap user needs. Instead, the energy is used in the wrong place. This is a profound problem that many people have not realized for a lifetime. It’s just sighing on the surface and not ignoring it, and even pushing the responsibility of failure to others. From this we can see that the difference between people is not in knowledge and experience, but in the difference in thinking determines the future of everyone.
From the perspective of software and hardware development, software engineering, electronic engineering and computer science, and electronic science and technology are two completely different areas of knowledge. The main difference lies in people, because software and hardware development is a human-centered process. If you consider human factors, engineering is closer to economics than science. Obviously, if we don't change our way of thinking, it's hard to develop products that are both good to sell and low in cost.
Figure 2 Core and non-core domains
Core and non-core domains
In fact, a software system encapsulates knowledge in several fields. One domain knowledge represents the core competitiveness of the system. This domain is called the “core domain†and the other domain is called the “non-core domainâ€. Although the more popular terms are “business†and “technologyâ€, the use of “core domain†and “non-core domain†is more rigorous (see Figure 2).
Non-core domains are areas of others, such as the underlying drivers, operating systems, and components. Even if you have some advantages, they are temporary and competitors can get it through other channels. Although the improvement of non-core domains is necessary, but not enough, it is still necessary to dig deeper in the core domain, so that competitors can not easily obtain from third parties. Because of the deep digging in the core domain and the core domain-based reuse, this is the fundamental means of gaining and maintaining competitiveness.
To achieve core domain-based reuse, it is necessary to consider the core domain and the non-core domain separately. Because prematurely mixing knowledge in various fields adds unnecessary burdens, which leads developers to think harder about deeper issues in the core domain. As the scale of the problem to be solved becomes larger, and the capacity and computing power of the human brain are limited, it must be divided and treated because the knowledge of the core domain and the non-core domain are independent.
Figure 3 AWorks platform
Platform wins
The pros and cons of the code not only directly determine the quality of the software, but also directly affect the software cost. The software cost is composed of development cost and maintenance cost, while the maintenance cost is much higher than the development cost. The phenomenon of brute force development is everywhere. A lot of hard-won funds are swallowed up silently, and the resources of the whole society are wasted. .
Why not abstract the complex technology highly? If the implementation can make professional people do professional things, AWorks was born in this context. Because it incorporates more software engineering techniques, it can completely release programmers from non-core domains and focus on core competencies.
The pursuit of code reuse and cross-platform, this is the goal that developers dream of, but the reality is cruel, almost impossible to become a reality. What is the reason? The MCU has M0, M4, M7, ARM9, A5, A7, A8 core, DSP. . . . . Some projects do not require an operating system, some projects may choose FreeRTOS or μC/OS-II or sysBIOS, others may choose Linux or Windows, because different semiconductor companies support different platforms.
Based on this, we may wish to make a bold assumption. Although the PCF85063, RX8025T and DS1302 are from different semiconductor companies, their commonality is the RTC real-time calendar clock chip, which can share the same drive interface with high abstraction, and the difference is handled by a special drive interface. Although FreeRTOS or μC/OS-II or sysBIOS, Linux, and Windows are different, they are all OS. Multithreading, semaphores, messages, mailboxes, queues, etc. are their unique commonalities. Obviously, QT and emWin can also be highly abstract. For the GUI framework. In other words, regardless of the MCU, regardless of whether the operating system (OS) is used, the application code can be reused by modifying the corresponding header file. This is the prototype of the AWorks platform (Figure 3).
Because AWorks has a unified interface specification and a high degree of abstraction of the various built-in functions and peripherals of the microprocessor, whether you choose ARM or DSP, the "on-demand" peripheral driver software And related components, based on the highly multiplexed software design principles and the idea of ​​only interface programming, the application software can achieve "one-time programming, lifetime use and cross-platform". Based on this, the scope of AWorks has been further expanded, and the AMEtal, which has a smaller code, has been developed. The biggest value that AWorks can bring to you is that it does not need to reinvent the wheel.
This shows that no matter which chip you choose and any OS, such as Linux and any other RTOS, as long as AWorks supports it, you can run cross-platform on the target board. Because no matter what OS, it is only a component of AWorks. For different OS, AWorks will provide the corresponding adapter, then all components can be replaced as needed.
in conclusion
ZLG (Guangzhou Zhou Ligong SCM Technology Co., Ltd.) is always in a state of rapid development. The first is to change the way of thinking and thinking. With the correct ideas and methods, we know where to start, and focus the needs analysis on outstanding talents. Committed to solving the problem of "how to sell products", through technological innovation, we are committed to solving the problem of "how to reduce costs" and ultimately maximize profits.
MicroBT is a technology company which is based on block chain and artificial intelligence. Focusing on integrated circuit chip and products development, production and sales, and provide corresponding system solutions and technical services. We adhere the ideal"ultimate,win-win,integrity"to provide high quality products and service. Now MicroBT has passed the national high-tech enterprise certification.
As a chip design and produce company, completely design process and independent core technology. The core technology include algorithm,fine optimization of integrated circuit micro-structure ,low power technology, advanced chip packaging technology system level power and cooling technology. These core technologies and engineering methods have been successfully validated and applied in the mass production of our block chain server chips and products.
In addition to the current focus on the area of block chains, MicroBT is also responding to the national chip strategy. According to the company's development strategy and plan, MicroBT is planning to explore and extend its core R&D capabilities to other high-performance computing areas such as artificial intelligence through independent R&D and strategic cooperation.
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