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When it comes to the world's industrial robots, the four major families represented by FANUC, KUKA, ABB, and Yaskawa Electric cannot be avoided. They are equally important in the Asian market and occupy more than 70% of the market share of China's robotics industry. So, what are the characteristics of the products of the four major families of robots, and what are their advantages and disadvantages?
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The four families have their own strengths in various technical fields. ABB's core field is in control systems, KUKA is in system integration applications and body manufacturing, FANUC is in numerical control systems, and Yaskawa is in the fields of servo motors and motion controllers.
Swiss ABB
ABB is headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland. The business covers five areas of power products, discrete automation, motion control, process automation, and low-voltage products, with the most famous in power and automation technology. ABB emphasizes the integrity of the robot itself. For its six-axis robot, the single-axis speed is not the fastest, but the accuracy of the six-axis joint operation is very high.
Core area
The core technology of ABB is the motion control system, which is also the biggest difficulty for the robot itself. ABB, which has mastered motion control technology, can easily achieve robot performance such as path tracking accuracy, motion speed, cycle time, and programmable design, which greatly improves the quality, efficiency and reliability of production.
Technology: The algorithm is the best, but slightly more expensive
ABB first started with inverters. In China, most of the power stations and inverter stations are made by ABB. For the robot itself, the biggest difficulty lies in the motion control system, and the core advantage of ABB is motion control. It can be said that ABB's robot algorithm is the best among the four major brands. It not only has a comprehensive motion control solution, but the technical documentation of the product is also quite professional and specific.
It is reported that ABB's control cabinet comes with Robot Studio software, which can perform 3D running simulation and online functions. The connection with external equipment supports a variety of general industrial bus interfaces, and communication with various brands of welding power supplies, cutting power supplies, PLCs, etc. can also be realized by marking the input and output interfaces. In addition, ABB's control cabinet can freely set the current, voltage, speed, swing and other parameters of the arc starting, heating, welding, and arc closing segments, and can be set by itself to realize various complex swing trajectories.
ABB also pays attention to the overall characteristics of the robot. While paying attention to quality, it also pays attention to the design of the robot. However, it is well known that ABB robots equipped with high-standard control systems are very expensive. In addition, many companies have reported that ABB has the longest delivery time among the four major brands.
Domestic market analysis
ABB implements a strategy of holding high in the country, focusing on cooperation with major Chinese customers. Huawei, Changhong, and Topstar are the leaders in the application side and integrator of the 3C home appliance industry respectively, and play a role as a vane in the industry. It can be seen that ABB attaches great importance to the 3C industry. Its future products will integrate more advanced technologies such as intelligence, interconnection, and big data. Ontology companies begin to move toward the application side, and their relationship with system integrators will become closer; at the same time, Ontology companies themselves begin to focus on the development of integrated applications.
KUKA, Germany
KUKA Germany was established in Augsburg, Germany in 1898, initially focusing on indoor and urban lighting, and soon began to get involved in other fields. KUKA’s main customers come from the field of automobile manufacturing. At the same time, it also focuses on providing advanced automation solutions for industrial production processes, and is also involved in brain surgery and radiography in hospitals.
Core area
KUKA robots can be used for material handling, processing, spot welding and arc welding, involving industries such as automation, metal processing, food and plastics.
Technology: Simple operation, but high failure rate
Midea's acquisition of KUKA can be said to have made KUKA a hit. If ABB is the Mercedes-Benz among cars, then KUKA is the BMW among cars. Although they are both high-end cars, the repair rate of BMW is higher than that of Mercedes-Benz.
It is reported that compared with robots such as ABB and FANUC, the repair rate of KUKA robots is higher. People familiar with the matter responded that KUKA's robots had been used, and one robot failed almost every day.
The advantage of KUKA’s domestic sales is that it is well done in the secondary development, even if it is a little white who has no technical foundation at all, he can get started in one day; on the human-computer interface, KUKA has done a great job in order to cater to the habits of the Chinese. Simple, as easy to use as playing a game console. In comparison, the control system of Japanese-brand robots has many keyboards, and the operation is slightly more complicated.
It is worth mentioning that KUKA has done a good job in the field of heavy-duty robots. Among the robots above 120KG, KUKA and ABB have the largest market share. Among the heavy-duty robots of 400KG and 600KG, KUKA’s Sales are the most.
Domestic market analysis
KUKA is currently accelerating the deployment of localized services in the Chinese market and exploring new territories in the southwest. In the future, it will continue to make efforts in the field of automotive equipment. Midea’s acquisition of KUKA has been recorded in the annals of history, and it has had a significant impact on the influence of the two major brands and market response. The joint effect of Midea + KUKA in the future is also worth looking forward to.
FANUC (FANUC)
FANUC was founded in 1956, and three years later, the electro-hydraulic stepper motor was first introduced. In the 1970s, thanks to the rapid development of microelectronics and power electronics, especially computing technology, FANUC resolutely abandoned the electronics that made its fortune. Liquid stepping motor CNC products began to transform. FANUC successfully developed a numerical control system in 1976, and then jointly developed a high-level numerical control system with Siemens, and has gradually become one of the most powerful companies in the world in terms of numerical control system, design, and manufacturing capabilities.
Core area
FANUC is a global professional CNC system manufacturer. Compared with other companies, industrial robots are unique in that they are more convenient in process control, the size of the robots of the same type is smaller, and they have a unique arm design.
Technology: Very high accuracy, but not overloaded
FANUC's research on CNC systems can be traced back to 1956. The forward-looking Japanese technical experts foresee the arrival of the 3C era and formed a scientific research team. Using the advantages of the numerical control system for the robot, FANUC's industrial robots are also highly accurate. It is reported that the repeated positioning accuracy of FANUC's multifunctional six-axis small robots can reach plus or minus 0.02mm. In addition, compared with other companies, FANUC industrial robots are unique in that process control is more convenient, the size of the base of the same type of robot is smaller, and it has a unique arm design.
It is worth mentioning that FANUC has also applied the blade compensation function of CNC machine tool finishing to the robot, and has implanted the function of blade compensation in the algorithm, which allows the robot to achieve a circle in the process of finishing cutting. The circle goes inside, and Yaskawa’s robot itself does not have this function. To realize this function, it can only be compensated through secondary development. This is also a place where some customers report that Yaskawa robots are not convenient.
However, FANUC’s robot stability is not the best. In the process of full load operation, when the speed reaches 80%, FANUC’s robot will give an alarm, which also shows that FANUC The overload capacity of the robot is not very good. Therefore, FANUC's advantage lies in light-load, high-precision applications, which is why FANUC's miniaturized robots (below 24KG) are popular.
Domestic market analysis
FANUC's strategy is slightly different from that of other companies. Its strategy is to find and enter the market with greater demand and target the Chinese market with huge growth potential. In the Chinese market, 55% of FANUC’s sales of industrial robots are used in general manufacturing, and the top three are home appliances, logistics, and electrical and electronic industries. FANUC is currently the robot brand with the largest total sales volume in the market. It does not rely on the sales volume of major customers and adopts an open market strategy.
Yaskawa Electric (YASKAWA)
Founded in 1915, it is Japan's largest industrial robot company, headquartered in Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture. In 1977, Yaskawa Electric used its own motion control technology to develop and produce Japan’s first fully electrified industrial robot. Since then, it has developed various automated robots such as welding, assembly, painting, and handling, and has been leading the way. The global industrial robot market.
Core area
The servos and motion controllers mainly produced by Yaskawa Electric are the key parts of manufacturing robots. It has successively developed various automated robots such as welding, assembly, spraying, and handling. Its core industrial robot products include: spot welding and arc Welding robots, painting and processing robots, LCD glass plate transfer robots and semiconductor chip transfer robots are among the earliest manufacturers to apply industrial robots to the field of semiconductor production.
Technology: good stability, but slightly worse accuracy
With nearly a hundred years of electrical motor technology inheritance, Yaskawa's AC servo and inverter market share has been ranked first in the world. As early as 1977, Yaskawa developed Japan's first all-electric industrial robot.
Yaskawa started with the motor, so it can maximize the inertia of the motor. Therefore, the biggest feature of Yaskawa’s robot is that it has a large load and high stability. It will not alarm during full load and full speed operation. Capable of overload operation. Therefore, Yaskawa has a relatively large market for heavy-duty robotic applications, such as the automotive industry.
Compared with FANUC robots, the accuracy of Yaskawa robots is not so high. On the basis of the same price, if customers require high accuracy, FANUC robots are often chosen. However, the price advantage of Yaskawa robots is obvious. It can be said that the price of the four major brands is the lowest and the price is higher. Yaskawa’s welding robots include welding packages, and the quotation is only 13/14 million. Compared with Panasonic’s welding robots, Yaskawa is in batches. The road to change.
Domestic market analysis
Yaskawa has made frequent major moves in the domestic market in recent years: establishing a new robot center, increasing investment in factories, and establishing a joint venture with Midea, with the intention of accelerating the realization of localized services. China is a demand-side market, and Midea is also a home appliance giant. The demand for robots is huge, which can help Yaskawa to increase sales.
Yaskawa has been doing research on service robots, especially in the field of medical robots, but the progress in the Japanese market is not smooth, and the domestic service robot market may bring new growth points. At present, major robot ontology companies tend to seek cooperation with larger application-oriented companies. With the increasingly fierce market competition, such strategic cooperation will become more frequent in the future.
Conclusion
The best industrial robot body is the European product, and KUKA is the top one. When the four major families entered the Asian market, the quality of ABB's localization of robots has declined. Japan's Yaskawa and Fanuc have higher CP values ​​than European and American products, which are more in line with the needs of customers in China.
Nowadays, robot manufacturers usually prefer to cooperate and bind with well-known car manufacturers. For example, Volkswagen only uses KUKA, GM mainly uses Fanuc, European brands prefer ABB, etc. This is in line with the strategy of the four major families in the industry. Adjustments are closely related.
The four major families all started with businesses related to the robotics industry chain. For example, ABB and Yaskawa Electric were engaged in power equipment motor business, FANUC researched numerical control systems, and KUKA was initially engaged in welding equipment. In the end, they can become the world's leading comprehensive industrial automation company because they have mastered the technology of the robot body and its core parts, and are committed to research and finally achieved integrated development.
Regardless of the historical reasons or the influence of cultural concepts, from the products of these four main robot companies, we can see the different development paths that companies choose in the face of market changes, and who can go further, will eventually Determined by the market.
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