Industry 4.0 is considered to be the “fourth industrial revolution†in Germany. The first industrial revolution took place in the 18th and 19th centuries, marked by the use of steam engines to mechanize the production process; the second occurred in the second half of the 19th century; the third occurred in the second half of the 20th century, The programmable logic controller (PLC) is representative of the automation of production engineering. Industry 4.0 is considered to be the fourth industrial revolution after mechanization (first time), electrification (second time), and automation (third time).
In the next decade, the fourth industrial revolution will enter a new era of “decentralized†production. Industry 4.0 realizes intelligent manufacturing and real-time management by determining network technologies such as manufacturing processes. The production equipment in intelligent manufacturing has the functions of sensing, analysis, decision-making, control, etc. It is the integration and deep integration of advanced manufacturing technology and information technology. In the intelligent production process, sensors, intelligent diagnosis and management systems are interconnected through the network, from program control to intelligent control, so that the manufacturing process can be optimized in real time according to changes in the manufacturing environment and manufacturing process to improve product quality and production efficiency.
Industry 4.0 needs to solve four major problems
Industry 4.0 is a transformation from large-scale mass production to mass-customized production. It is a shift from centralized production to networked off-site collaborative production. It is a transformation from traditional manufacturing enterprises to cross-border integration enterprises. The final report of the German Industry 4.0 Working Group pointed out that there are still four major problems in the implementation of Industry 4.0, such as standardization, complex system management, communication infrastructure construction, and network Security.
(1) Standardization: The factory needs to network various items and services inside and outside. Therefore, many contents such as communication methods and data formats need to be standardized.
(2) Complex system management: After the actual production process is coordinated with various business management systems, the overall system is more complicated, and it will be more difficult to manage it.
(3) Communication infrastructure construction: mainly refers to the construction of communication infrastructure with high reliability applicable to industry.
(4) Network security: After the factory is connected to the outside world, the risk of malware intrusion and network attack will be further enhanced. It is necessary to develop countermeasures and solutions to ensure network security.
In the future, China's manufacturing industry will face the same difficulties. Therefore, strengthening cooperation with Germany in Industry 4.0 may help to solve these problems in a forward-looking manner and pave the way for future manufacturing development.
The last industrial revolution?
In the future of manufacturing, information technology will be used in unprecedented depth. The development of Internet technology is having a disruptive and revolutionary impact on the way traditional manufacturing is developed. The wide application of information technology can sense, collect and monitor a large amount of data generated in the production process in real time, promote the seamless connection of production processes and collaborative manufacturing between enterprises, realize intelligent analysis and decision-making optimization of production systems, and enable intelligent manufacturing and network. Manufacturing and flexible manufacturing have become the direction of change in production methods. To some extent, the Internet of manufacturing or the industrial Internet is becoming a major trend.
As far as products are concerned, with the extensive penetration of information technology in the manufacturing field, Internet technology, artificial intelligence, and digital technology are embedded in traditional product design, making products gradually become Internet-based intelligent terminals. The car will be more than just an electronic product. In the future, it will be a network product, or a large mobile intelligent terminal. It has a new way of human-computer interaction, and the car is made into a hardware, software, content and service through the Internet terminal. Experience tool.
From the manufacturing model, the centralized production of the factory will shift to network collaborative production. Information technology enables information sharing among enterprises in different links. It can quickly discover and dynamically adjust cooperation targets on a global scale, integrate superior resources among enterprises, and achieve global decentralized production in various industrial chain links such as R&D, manufacturing, and logistics. This also gives traditional information technology companies the opportunity to participate more in manufacturing, while traditional manufacturing companies are transforming into cross-border converged companies. Enterprise production shifts from traditional product manufacturing to providing products and services with rich content, until providing customers with a total solution. The boundary between Internet companies and manufacturing companies, manufacturing companies and service companies is increasingly blurred.
Since both the manufacturing model and the product perspective, material products and services will be replaced by information stored and processed by computers. Then, the manufacturing industry itself will no longer exist, or the manufacturing industry will not break through after automation and intelligence.
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