In recent years, the global animal epidemic has continued to erupt, which has caused serious harm to people's health and life safety, and has brought a heavy blow to some regions, especially the livestock industry in Europe. For example, in April 1985, after the first case of mad cow disease in the United Kingdom, the disease spread rapidly in 10 years and affected countries in the world, such as France, Ireland, Canada, Denmark, Portugal, Switzerland, Oman, Germany, etc.
On December 23, 2003, the first case of mad cow disease occurred in the United States. This news shook the country ’s $ 27 billion cattle industry, leading several major importers to immediately issue an import ban on US beef. For this reason, people are paying more and more attention to disease control, supervision and prevention. Countries around the world are looking for and formulating corresponding policies and adopting various means in animal husbandry and commerce to strengthen animal management. Among them, animal identification and tracking has become one of the major measures taken by various countries. For example, the British government stipulates that a variety of tracking and identification methods must be used for cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, horses and other breeding animals. The USDA project named "NaTIonal Animal IdenTIficaTIon System (NAIS)" was also officially launched after the first case of mad cow disease in the United States. The plan uses the RFID system, so the animals are wearing RFID ear tags from birth, and their information is registered in a national database, which can continuously track the animals within 48 hours. The research results also show that the use of RFID technology greatly improves the system's ability to identify and track animals, and is applicable to animals in various farms, whether centralized or scattered, or other breeding occasions.
China is a large agricultural country. Livestock is one of the pillar industries of China's agriculture, both now and in the future. Livestock products also play an important role in the circulation of domestic and foreign markets. However, in practice, problems such as lagging in the processing of livestock products, inadequate livestock breeding systems, lack of grassroots veterinary teams, and low levels of farmer organization have become obstacles to the development of animal husbandry in China. Once a major epidemic caused by animals and their related products occurs, it will cause even greater harm due to the objective conditions of China, such as its wide area, large population, and high mobility of personnel. Faced with these problems, it is the general trend to establish new development concepts and establish new development ideas to guide the development of animal husbandry. Requiring profit from technology, scale and management has now become a new feature of animal husbandry production.
Practice has proved that the use of RFID technology for livestock management can meet the above needs. Because RFID technology can not only realize non-contact automatic identification, but also identify multiple targets at the same time, so that various conditions of animals can be easily observed in management, from birth to slaughter, and can occur in the supply chain of animal breeding and slaughter. Abnormality is to obtain information in time, so that timely measures can be taken to avoid causing serious disasters and losses.
In China, animal husbandry management based on RFID technology has begun to be used. In 2007, the Central Document No. 1 clearly proposed the establishment and improvement of the animal identification and disease traceability system. In addition, the "People's Republic of China Animal Epidemic Prevention Law" also provided clear instructions for the establishment of animal identification and disease traceability systems. At present, the Ministry of Agriculture has begun to build a national animal traceability system. The use of RFID technology and electronic management technology principles to establish a beef cattle quality and safety traceability management system has become an important part of the national key technology application project-Ministry of Agriculture "984" project. According to reports, RFID traceable beef has established a specialty store in the capital's Yichu Lotus supermarket, becoming the first reassuring meat food in the capital market. The Ministry of Agriculture of China also stipulates that from 2008, all livestock should wear animal ear tags as required, and enter the market circulation and other links based on this.
In Beijing, take ear tags and foot tags for livestock and poultry products in breeding bases, and apply IC card, RFID and other technologies in slaughtering and circulation to realize the information on breeding, purchasing, slaughtering, dividing, transporting and selling livestock and poultry products The whole process of traceability has become one of the eight priorities of Beijing's food safety work. It also stipulates that from August 1, 2008, only animals wearing ear tags can enter the market circulation.
In Shanghai, the Shanghai Animal Hygiene Supervision Institute and other units developed the Shanghai Animal and Products Informationization Supervision System for Shanghai, which won the second prize of the 2006 Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award. The system uses RFID technology to effectively monitor and manage animal products and hygiene. This project has been applied in 12 large-scale slaughterhouses in Shanghai, 8 city roads and crossings and 167 farms in Shanghai for other provinces and cities.
In addition, in recent years, various ministries and commissions in China have paid close attention to the use of RFID technology in animal husbandry management. For example, the Qionglai animal husbandry and food industry RFID electronic identification management system and the RFID technology-based dairy farming management information system have been approved. It is the first batch of projects approved in 2007 in the SME Innovation Fund.
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