As a home theater room, what conditions do we have to achieve to be a good acoustic environment?
First, the wall treatment In general, our walls are mostly brick walls. This type of wall is highly reflective for high, medium and low frequencies, especially for high frequency reflections. Therefore, "appropriate" sound absorption has become a top priority. The so-called appropriate is not too much, if the sound is sucked dry and has no charm, it is counterproductive.
The treatment of the side wall - how to suck the wall on the four sides is appropriate? Let me talk about the two side walls. What is going to be dealt with here is the first reflection from the horn. Why do you want to breathe the first reflection? If the first reflection is too much, it will result in unclear positioning and the sound will sound too noisy. So be sure to suck.
How to suck? You don't have to absorb the entire wall, as long as you can absorb sound in the middle of the speaker and listening position. How large is the area of ​​this sound absorption? At least 1-1.5 meters wide and two-thirds of the wall height.
Common sound absorbing materials are mineral wool, glass wool, wooden sound absorbing panels, wood wool sound absorbing panels, polyester sound absorbing panels, polyester sound absorbing cotton is preferred, and can be made into a soft bag form. However, please be careful not to think that the nail board can absorb sound, and the surface of the board is flat, which is no different from the original wall. The board itself is very hard and it is no different from the wall. It does not have the function of sound absorption.
The rear wall of the horn of the horn must be firm and rigid, so that it will not absorb the low frequency, and will increase the power of the amplifier. If you nail the cavity in the back wall of the horn, no matter how thick the plank or sheet you use, there is absolutely no negative effect and no positive effect. The most common negative effect is that the sound is illusory, the low frequency is not enough, not strong, and the bass is not clean.
Huh? Since the back wall of the horn is to be strong, how do you want to suck it? What I call suction is not to make a cavity, but to suck like a side wall. Please note that if you feel that the positioning is accurate after the sound absorption on the two side walls, and the sound is not noisy, then the rear wall of the speaker can not be used for sound absorption. On the other hand, if you still feel that the sound is too noisy and the positioning is not accurate, then you should do sound absorption on the back wall of the speaker. After the back wall is sucked, the sound is improved.
Handling the corners of the back wall of the horn Any corner of the wall is the strongest place for standing waves. If it can be handled a little, it will definitely help the sound. If you don't deal with it, it won't hurt much. The most natural and cost-effective treatment is to design the corners into bookshelves, CD stands or display stands. Someone will seal the right angle with a wooden board, which will become a bevel rather than a right angle. This is useful, but it still risks the low frequency of the bevel cavity. Some people make the right angle into an arc, and the arc has the function of diffusing sound waves. However, there is still a risk of taking the cavity to absorb low frequencies.
Listening to the position of the wall, you may say, I have already sat on the back wall, what else can this wall do? Honestly, sitting against the back wall is the worst, because the sound will be awkward at this time. Unless your system has low frequency, you must be close to the back wall to enhance the low frequency. In general, your seat will be at least half a meter away from the back wall, so that the sound will be relatively clean.
The wall behind the listening position can actually be sucked or spread. The suction is afraid that you are too close to the back wall and the reflection is too strong. Diffusion is because it is farther away from the back wall, and diffusion can make the sound more natural. The best way is to use a three-dimensional diffusion sound absorbing panel, so that the benefits of absorption and diffusion are both perfect.
Second, the ceiling and floor treatment floor layout The home floor is probably marble, tile or wooden floor. In order to reduce the low frequency reflected from the floor, we still need to lay a movable thick carpet on the floor between the speaker and the listening position. Please note that I am talking about thick carpets instead of the usual South Asian thin carpets. Why do you need a thick carpet? Because the sound absorption of thick carpets is enough, if you only want to use a small thin carpet, it will only have a decorative effect, but no substantial sound absorption.
Ceiling treatment In general, the ceiling is also best for both sound absorption and diffusion, so that the sound is best. If there is only diffusion, the high frequency reflections from the ceiling will be too strong. There are several ways to deal with smallpox:
1. Light steel frame plus mineral fiber board This is the simplest ceiling treatment and the most cost-effective treatment. Although this ceiling only absorbs high frequencies without any diffusion function, it is effective for suppressing excessively high frequencies and excessive indoor echo.
2, the algae plus the central area sound absorption so-called algae well is a grid, a layer of ceiling up, the ceiling of Chinese old buildings can often see this treatment, Shanghai Beijing Concert Hall has such a treatment. The diffusion of the algae well consists of a stepped layer of layers, and its absorption is placed in the middle of the section.
What are the disadvantages of algae wells? First, please ask the woodworker to be quite expensive. Second, the cavity of the algae itself absorbs medium and low frequencies. However, if your sound absorption and diffusion are not enough, and you like the beauty of the algae well, the algae well is probably a good choice.
3, hole wood sound-absorbing board plus two-dimensional diffusion board hole wood sound-absorbing board is a density board covered with small holes. Cut the hole plate into a 600X600mm size, then place the upper side of the hole wood sound-absorbing board with foam or sound-absorbing cotton, and then place them on the light steel frame. A half-hole wooden sound-absorbing panel is placed on the entire ceiling, and the remaining half of the light steel frame is placed in a two-dimensional diffusion plate. In this way, the hole wood sound absorbing panel can absorb sound, the two-dimensional diffuser can spread, and the whole ceiling is not ugly.
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